Fuel cell systems are a clean, efficient, reliable, and quiet source of power. Fuel cells allow the direct conversion of chemically stored energy into electrical energy by means of electrochemical oxidation of gaseous, liquid or solid chemical substances. What we know about fuel cells preparation for the activity make copies of the pem fuel cell. Two of the quiz topics include truefalse statements about the attributes of fuel cells and. H h o benefits of fuel cells fuel cells generate clean power and can use a range of fuels. Grove utilized four cells, each containing hydrogen and oxygen, to produce electric power which was then used to split the water in. Fuel cells, like batteries, are solid state devices that react chemically and instantly to changes in load. A fuel cell stack is made up of many pem fuel cells that are. Fuel cells can be used to power almost anything from laptops and phones to cars and homes. Microbial fuel cells and bacterial power directions. The process that converts solid coal into liquid hydrocarbon fuel is called. This separation of hydrogen and oxygen is called electrolysis.
Fuel cell sys tems, however, are comprised of predominantly mechani cal devices each of which has its own response time to changes in load demand. Fuel flexibility solid electrolyte suitable for chp hybridgas turbine cycle high temperature corrosion and. Fuel cells might be the answer to our power problems, but first scientists will have to sort out a few major issues. A fuel cell combines a fuel, such as hydrogen, with an oxidizer. Designed for teaching gcse chemistry specification parts aqa 4. Scalable as fuel cell plants can be added incrementally in a cost effective manner to generate additional power minimizes or avoids transmission and associated distribution costs advances sustainability ultraclean power using chemistry, not combustion o avoids criteria pollutants supports sustainability initiatives of utilities. Fuel cell animation worksheet answers hydrogen fuel cells. Fuel cells are electrical batteries that are characterised by the active materials on the electrodes being replenished continuously. For example, a very thin, ribbed metal sheet may be used with the. You already know that a galvanic cell converts chemical energy to work. See how much you know about fuel cells by answering these study questions. Jun 25, 2018 2019 aqa gcse chemistry energy changes fuel cells.
What is the reaction at the anode of the fuel cell. Vehicles were retired due to performance loss, end of fuel cell life, end of vehicle test, or other catastrophic failure unrelated to the fuel cell system. First fuel cellfirst fuel cell 3 in 1839, william grove, a british jurist and amateur physicist, first discovered the principle of the fuel cell. The power plants are fuelled by hydrogen and oxygen from cryogenic tanks and provide both electrical power and drinking water.
Fuel cells 101 a fuel cell vehicles only tailpipe emission is water. The edible cell 3 inside this packet life sciences prior module 2 high school page 1 a cell is the basic unit of life. Attach one end of each electrical lead to the opposite ends of the resistor by twisting the resistor wire around the alligator clip. The electricity produced can be used to power cars, buses, laptops and mobile phones. Stationary fuel cells can be used for backup power, power for remote loca tions, distributed power generation, and cogeneration in which excess heat released. Regenerative fuel cells can also be used with solar power or other sources of electricity to split water produced as a byproduct into hydrogen. Individual fuel cells that are combined in series to increase the power generated. The largest markets for fuel cells today are in stationary power, portable power, auxiliary power units, and forklifts. They have nearzero emissions, are quiet and eicient, can work in almost any environment and do not need a grid for distribution. Fuel cells for stationary power, auxiliary power, and specialty vehicles fuel cells can be a costcompetitive option for criticalload facilities, backup power, and forklifts. Tell what is being done to make five of the following energy systems produce more usable energy. Fuel cell power systems possess certain generic characteristics, which may make them favorable for future power production compared with devices based primarily on rotating machinery using thermomechanical processes.
In its simplest form, a pem fuel cell is two electrodesthe anode and the cathodeseparated by a catalystcoated membrane. Electric utility distributed generation high efficiency. The higher heating value is used in the remaining calculations since. The negative end of the electrode where oxidation of hydrogen occurs.
Fuel cell electric vehicle durability and fuel cell. A conventional combustionbased power plant typically generates electricity at efficiencies of 33 to 35 percent, while fuel cell systems can generate electricity at. This resource describes two methods for making a hydrogenoxygen fuel cell. It plays an indirect role in protein synthesis by producing ribosomes. An overview of fuel cells currently under development. Fuel cells are mainly classified by the characteristics affecting their performance like the type of catalysts, electrolyte used, the fuel required and temperaturerange 1, 2. The fuel cell power fcpower model is a microsoft excel workbook that analyzes the. Aug 24, 2019 batteries and fuel cells designed to power vehicles and portable devices need to have high chargetoweight and chargetovolume ratios. They can do this in english or their first language. Fuel cell engine technology hydrogen fuel cell engines and related technologies. Fuel cells gcse chemistry new spec the hydrogen hub have used their knowledge to develop this fantastic lesson pack on fuel cells. A pem fuel cell combines hydrogen fuel with oxygen from the air to generate electricity.
Fuel cells have various advantages compared to conventional power sources, such as ices or batteries. They look at exercise 1 on the worksheet and try to answer the questions. For further information on the design, physics and operation of the hydrogen fuel cell, please refer to page 78 in the. They generate fuel for the cells activities through cellular respiration. A brief introduction to fuel cells overview a fuel cell is an. Team diagram, the pem fuel cell operating procedures, the pem fuel cell. Fuel cells do not need to be periodically recharged like batteries, but instead continue to produce electricity as long as a fuel source is provided. As an introduction to microbial fuel cells and the ability of cells to produce electrical potential that can be used to power an electrical appliance, our module begins with an introduction to cellular respiration. Regenerative fuel cells can also be used with solar power or other sources of electricity to split water produced as a byproduct into hydrogen and oxygen in a process referred to as electrolysis. Although some of the fuel cells attributes are only valid for some applications, most advantages are more general.
This pack contains all of the resources for a lesson on this topic. How many electrons are pro duced from 2 moles of hydrogen. Using microbial fuel cells in the high school science classroom. Wrap the resistor wire firmly around the alligator clips to ensure a secure connection 2. It takes approximately 15 minutes for the fuel cell to ill the gas tanks completely, at which time you can move on to the next step. Choose foods that closely match what you might actually eat think about breakfast, lunch, and dinner, as well as snacks. Check the web links to see that the sites are still hosting appropriate content. Distributed generation suitable for chp increased tolerance to fuel impurities expensive catalysts long startup time sulfur sensitivity. All living organisms are composed of one unicellular or more multicellular cells. Lignite, bituminous and anthracite are different ranks of. What is the reaction at the cathode of the fuel cell.
Fuel cells have a higher efficiency than diesel or gas engines. Fuel cell problems how fuel cells work howstuffworks. Fuel cells transform chemical energy to electrical energy. Like other fuel cells, regenerative fuel cells produce electricity from oxygen and hydrogen and emit heat and water as byproducts. The figure includes both in service vehicles and those that have been retired during the evaluation. Unlike a battery, which is closed, a fuel cell is open on at least one side, the air side being. Fuel network vehicle worksheet utah division of fleet. The fuel cells are intended to complement the existing diesel generator, which is used to deliver power to the three phase system and to charge the batteries used for the low.
It can also operate in a temperature that is lower than the cells normal operating temperature. Anode include explanation of what type of process occurs at the anode. Fuel cells gcse chemistry new spec teaching resources. Fuel cells an introduction by jens oluf jensen, dtu and erik henneso, danish power systems dps version 2, 2017 what is a fuel cell. Fuel cells and batteries supply electricity to portable, nonplugged devices, and this quiz and worksheet combination will help check your understanding of batteries, fuel cells, and their inner. Each fuel cell type also has its own operational characteristics, offering advantages to particular applications. Increasing the number of cells increases the voltage. In unicellular organisms, like many protists and bacteria, specialized parts. Fuel cells use hydrogen to create electricity with the only byproducts being water and heat no pollutants or other emissions are released. Fuel cells produce electricity as long as fuel is supplied. One approach to teaching about fuel cells is to carry out various demonstrations of how hydrogen reacts with oxygen, how water is electrolysed and how cells batteries work. Nucleolus is a dense, sphericalshaped structure present in the nucleus of a cell. Diesel particulate filter dpf cleaning history worksheet.
Grove utilized four cells, each containing hydrogen and oxygen, to produce electric power which was then used to split the water in the smaller upper cell into hydrogen and oxygen. In the1960s, international fuel cells in windsor connecticut developed a fuel cell power. Hydrogen and fuel cell activities department of energy. For pemfc systems, proton exchange membranes, precious metal catalysts usually platinum, gas. A fuel cell is composed of an anode, cathode, and an electrolyte membrane. For high temperature fuel cells, water emerges in the gaseous state, so the lower heating value would be used. Many of the component pieces of a fuel cell are costly. In your explanation, describe the technology, cost, environmental impacts, and safety concerns. Select the food you might eat in one day and place it on the food grid. Nuclear membrane is a doublelayered structure that encloses the contents of the nucleus. The cathode of one cell is connected the the anode of the next cell. Fuel cells are generally classified according to the nature of the electrolyte except for direct methanol fuel cells which are named for their ability to use methanol as a fuel, each type requiring particular materials and fuel. Fuel cells produce electricity from hydrogen using a chemical reaction that produces zero pollution with a very high efficiency.
Increasing the surface area of the cells increases the current. Just like gasoline and other fuels, hydrogen can be used safely. Batteries and fuel cells designed to power vehicles and portable devices need to have high chargetoweight and chargetovolume ratios. In hydrogen fuel cells, hydrogen molecules bond with oxygen to produce water. Student diagram, and the fuel cell data sheet for distribution to the class during the activity. When hydrogen is used, the only byproduct is water. Large fuel cells are currently being used for stationary power and in cars, buses, and other vehicles and small fuel cells will soon be. Each fuel cell is capable of supplying 12 kilowatts continuously, and up to 16 kilowatts for short periods. The idea for this thesis was to design a specification of requirements for a fuel cell system for the electric power production in a 77foot sailing ship named ts prolific. Fuel cells exhibit good loadfollowing characteristics. Biomass digesters or waste to energy plants cogeneration plants fossil fuel power plants fuel cells geothermal power plants nuclear power plants. Many of these operational characteristics of fuel cell systems are superior to those of conventional power generators. Chief among the problems associated with fuel cells is how expensive they are. One approach to teaching about fuel cells is to carry out various demonstrations of how hydrogen reacts with oxygen, how water.
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